Traveling inside the United States may carry increased risks for undocumented immigrants. Recent federal policies and state laws have increased the possibility that domestic travel could result in questioning, arrest, or detention by immigration authorities.
Domestic flights, bus or train travel, and even driving to nearby cities may create situations where you encounter immigration officials. Before making any travel plans, contact your immigration lawyer to discuss your individual circumstances and potential risks.
At the Airport: TSA Information May Be Shared with ICE
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) collects information from domestic travelers, and immigration authorities may access or review information in certain circumstances. ICE may compare available information against immigration records, including records involving individuals with final removal orders or other immigration concerns.
ICE officers are present at many airports throughout the United States. Travel may present greater risks if you have:
- A final order of removal;
- Pending immigration applications or proceedings;
- A prior immigration violation; or
- Any criminal history.
If any of these situations apply to you, do not travel by air without first speaking with your immigration lawyer.
If you choose to fly, be prepared for additional screening or questions from TSA, CBP, or other government officials.
Facial Recognition Scans: You May Request Manual ID Verification
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has expanded the use of biometric technology, including facial recognition systems, across agencies such as TSA, CBP, ICE, and USCIS.
For domestic flights, passengers currently have the option to request a manual identification check instead of participating in facial recognition screening.
You may say:
“I am opting out of facial recognition. I would like manual ID verification.”
If an agent refuses your request, you may ask to speak with a supervisor.
Please note that facial recognition information collected during prior lawful entries into the United States may remain in government systems even if you later opt out of facial recognition during domestic travel.
Bus and Train Travel: The 100-Mile Zone
CBP has authority to operate immigration enforcement activities within 100 miles of any U.S. border. This area includes many major population centers and large portions of states such as Florida, Michigan, Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico, and several New England states.
During bus or train travel, CBP officers may ask questions about your immigration status. You generally have the right to remain silent and decline to answer questions about your status.
However, refusing to answer questions may result in additional questioning or requests that you leave the bus or train. Consider these risks carefully before traveling through areas where CBP enforcement is more likely.
Traveling in Higher-Risk States
Certain states, including Alabama, Texas, and Florida, have laws or enforcement practices that may create additional risks for individuals with immigration concerns.
Routine interactions, such as traffic stops, may lead to contact with law enforcement and potential immigration consequences.
If you have any immigration status concerns, consult your immigration lawyer before traveling through higher-risk areas.
Before You Travel
Before traveling within the United States:
- Speak with your immigration lawyer about your specific situation.
- Share your travel plans and your lawyer’s contact information with a trusted person.
- Make arrangements for the care of your children or dependents in case you are detained.
- Write down your lawyer’s phone number and memorize it, as you may lose access to your phone.
- Carry copies of important immigration documents, including documents showing lawful status or pending applications.
Secure your electronic devices before traveling.
If You Are Stopped, Questioned, or Detained
If you are approached by immigration officers or law enforcement:
Stay calm
Do not run, argue, or physically resist.
Provide identification if requested
You may show your passport or other identification. You are not required to disclose your visa category unless required by law.
Request manual identification verification
If applicable, you may say: “I am opting out of facial recognition. I want manual ID verification.”
Exercise your right to remain silent
You may say: “I am exercising my right to remain silent.”
Request a lawyer
You may say: “I want to speak to an attorney.”
Repeat your request if necessary.
Do not sign documents without legal advice
Do not sign any immigration documents before speaking with your immigration lawyer. Some forms may result in giving up important rights, including the right to appear before an immigration judge or the ability to return to the United States in the future.
This flyer is intended for general information purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. You should not act or rely on any information in this flyer without seeking the advice of a competent, licensed immigration attorney.